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Reactance Inversion in Pediatric Respiratory Diseases

Alberto Vidal

Impulse Oscillometry measures the impedance of the respiratory system, which is composed of resistance and reactance. Reactance, resonance frequency, and reactance area are oscillometry parameters related to each other and can be altered in obstructive or restrictive respiratory diseases. Recently, the phenomenon of reactance inversion has been described, which corresponds to a distortion of the reactance curve at low frequencies in impulse oscillometry. This pathophysiological phenomenon has been found in cystic fibrosis, prematurity with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia, low birth weight, and bronchial asthma. Reactance inversion has been related to decreased lung function on spirometry, increased intrarespiratory differences, and/or small airway dysfunction on impulse oscillometry.