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Assessment of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Models in Health Systems in Least Developed, Low Income and Lower-Middle-Income Countries and Territories: A Protocol for a Systematic Review

Baby Naznin*, Zahidul Quayyum, Jannatun Tajree, Su Golder, Bassey Ebenso, Deepa Barua, MaishaAhsan, Faisal Kabir, Deepak Joshi, Sampurna Kakchapati, Abena Engmann, Pamela Adaobi Ogbozor,Prince Agwu, Chinyere Okeke, Juliana Onuh, Chukwuedozie Ajaero, Aishwarya Vidyasagaran, Helen Elsey, Florence Sibeudu

Background: Private sectors play a significant role in health provision along with the public sector in both developed and developing countries. Given the limited resources of the public sector, Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) are considered as a good solution to address the growing public health challenges. But inadequate assessment of various health-related PPPs has resulted in a failure to gather knowledge and evidence that would facilitate the establishment of effective partnerships, sustain, and systematize them over time, as well as determine the role of PPPs in health system strengthening, particularly in terms of urban health provision. The objective of this research is to systematically review the effectiveness of PPPs on the utilization of urban health provision to achieve health outcomes in the urban contexts of least developed, low income, and lower-middle-income countries and territories.

Methods: This systematic review will follow PRISMA-P guidelines for reporting. Relevant databases-EMBASE, MEDLINE, Health Management Information Consortium, Social Sciences Citation Index, Science Citation Index, Emerging Sources, CENTRAL, i.e., Database of disability and inclusion information resources, and WHO Library Database–will be searched for published articles in the urban context. Reference lists of relevant systematic reviews and commentaries and citations of key included studies will be checked for additional studies. Two reviewers will independently screen the studies in covidence following the exclusion and inclusion criteria. Data will be thematically analysed and narratively synthesized.

Discussion: This review will comprehensively assess and appraise all the existing PPP models for urban health provision in the least developed, low income, and lower-middle-income countries and territories. The findings of the review will help to understand the modalities of the existing health related PPPs in urban areas, their functionalities, and their contribution in achieving health outcomes.

Protocol registration: This protocol is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, PROSPERO (ID-CRD42021289509, 23 November 2021).