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A Comparison of Chemical Composition and Yield of Essential Oils from Shoot System Parts of Ocimum sanctum Found in Semi-Arid Region of Uttar Pradesh

Tanuja Saroj and Alok Krishna

Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum) Linn. synonym Ocimum tenuiflorum is an aromatic and medicinal plant used in whole world. The hydrodistillation essential oils (EO) of O. sanctum four varieties viz. CIM-Ayu, CIM-Angna, local Rama Tulsi and local Syama Tulsi was investigated using GC and GC/MS techniques on DB-( 5% diphenyl-95% dimethyl polysiloxane) capillary columns. EO extracted from the leaves, stem and flower parts of O. sanctum plant. The O. sanctum plant found in semi-arid region of Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) chemical composition and EO yield no one research paper published yet. So, this investigation was carried out to determine the chemical composition and yield of EO of O. sanctum plant found in semi-arid region of U.P. The identified main constituents of EO were almost same in all varieties of O. sanctum plant dominated by eugenol, β-selinen, 4,10 (14)-muuroladien-8. β-ol, (R)-cembrenene, trans-Caryophyllene, camphene and sabinene. The other components were 1, 8-Anhydro-cis-. α-copaene-8-ol, β-elemene, (+)-β-costal and α-copaene. These compounds have biological importance showing through various citiation literatures. In the fresh herb of shoot system parts (leaves, stems and flowers) of O. sanctum, EO highest yield in CIM-Ayu (0.5%) as compared to CIM-Angna (0.4%), local Syama Tulsi (0.3%) and local Rama Tulsi (0.2%).